Every year, over 790,000 total knee replacements and 450,000 hip replacements are performed in the U.S. Nutrition plays a vital role before and after joint replacement surgery. Malnutrition is common among patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty (TJA), with studies estimating that 8.5% to 50% of patients may be malnourished before surgery. Poor nutrition status is linked to increased risks of surgical site infections (SSIs), higher rates of reoperation, longer recovery times, and greater risk of mortality. Despite these risks, many patients are unaware of how to achieve optimal nutrition before surgery. This gap in knowledge highlights the need for better education and preoperative planning. Proper nutrition helps strengthen the immune system, promote tissue repair, preserve muscle mass, and support bone health, all crucial for successful recovery.
Pre- and post-surgical nutrition tips include consulting a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN), increasing protein intake, addressing nutrient deficiencies, ensuring adequate hydration, avoiding alcohol and smoking, and considering oral nutrition supplements. After surgery, maintaining adequate calorie and protein intake, consuming fiber and fluids, monitoring healing, and following Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines are essential. Interprofessional collaboration among healthcare professionals is crucial to ensure patients receive the necessary nutrition support for optimal recovery.
To learn more, check out this blog on joint replacement and nutrition and this education program on implementing an evidence-based care plan for wounds.
For free, evidence-based nutrition courses on other topics across the age spectrum, browse the latest Abbott Nutrition Health Institute (ANHI) course catalog.
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